Integrated use of biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation) in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis for assessing heavy metals' pollution in coastal areas from the Saronikos Gulf of Greece   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Vlahogianni T  Dassenakis M  Scoullos MJ  Valavanidis A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(9):1361-1371

Mussels are used as sentinel organisms and bioindicators to evaluate the toxic effects of chemical pollutants in marine organisms, especially heavy metals, representing an important tool for biomonitoring environmental pollution in coastal areas. Antioxidant defence enzymes play an important role in cellular antioxidant defence systems and protect from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Indigenous mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis of the Saronikos Gulf of Greece were used for monitoring heavy metal pollution in three polluted sites in the area and in one unpolluted site. Seasonal variations of the activity of antioxidant defence enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as lipid peroxidation (LP) were measured as biomarkers in a period of three years in relation to concentrations of trace metals in their gills and mantle and compared to mussels from an unpolluted sampling site. SOD activity increased at least 2 fold at the polluted sites when compared to the control site (the high activity was recorded in the spring time). CAT activity was increased 2-3 times at the polluted sites, with high activity in the winter and spring time, compared to the control site. LP concentration was twice higher at the polluted sites, following the same seasonal pattern. Trace metals contents in mussels collected at polluted sites were 3-4 fold higher compared to the control site and showed moderate variations along the months, with a winter maximum followed by a summer pre-spawning minimum matching the seasonal trends of temperature and salinity. Our results showed that metal pollution in the Elefsis Bay (the most polluted coastal area) causes relatively medium levels of oxidative stress in tissues of mussels due to cellular oxy-radical generation. This study, which is the first in the area, showed that seasonal variations of the activity of antioxidant defence enzymes and LP concentrations in mussels can be used as potential biomarkers of toxicity for long-term monitoring in marine coastal ecosystems.  相似文献   

Relationship of chemical fractions of heavy metals with microbial and enzyme activities in sludge and ash-amended acid lateritic soil from India   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

D.?Chaudhuri  S.?TripathyEmail author  H.?Veeresh  M.?A.?Powell  B.?R.?Hart 《Environmental Geology》2003,45(1):115-123

The influence of metals, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, on the microbial biomass and enzyme activities of an amended acid lateritic soil were investigated under field conditions receiving a one-time application of 52 t ha^–1 of sludge, coal ash and their mixtures at 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1 proportions, and including control and chemical fertilizer treatment at crop-specific recommended doses. Paddies and peanuts were grown in the experimental plots and soil was sampled twice after 6 months and 1 year after amendment application. The heavy metals in the soil were fractionated using sequential extraction and the increments in their concentrations in amended soil with respect to the control were determined. Concentrations of Cd, Ni and Zn were determined to have increased in their mobile fractions and were more pronounced in soil collected during the second sampling, which was associated with a decrease in soil organic carbon. The size of the microbial biomass carbon and the soil enzyme activities increased with the addition of an amendment and was highest at equal proportions of coal ash and sludge. Further increase in the proportion of sludge resulted in a significant decrease in biomass carbon. Simple correlation revealed significant and strong negative relations of mobile fractions of Cd and Ni with the ratio between microbial biomass C and organic carbon in soil, while the organic carbon content and the pH were positively correlated. The microbial activities were determined to be sensitive to the concentrations of some heavy metals in mobile fractions and therefore indicated possibilities of being useful as indicators for evaluation of toxic effects of sludge-borne metals on soil organisms.  相似文献   

外源一氧化氮和金属铜对海洋微藻抗氧化系统的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丰卫华  刘春颖  杨桂朋  李培峰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(12):69-74

以亚心形扁藻为研究对象,通过添加不同浓度一氧化氮(NO)(1.4×10-10～1.4×10-5 mol/L)培养,探讨NO对微藻生长、H2O2和MDA含量以及SOD活性的影响;通过对只添加金属Cu、同时添加Cu与NO实验,对微藻的H2O2和MDA含量以及SOD活性的影响进行了对比研究。结果表明,藻细胞活性氧的代谢有随NO浓度增加的趋势,同时细胞内的抗氧化酶SOD活性和MDA含量都有相应的变化,NO作为环境的"刺激物"提高了细胞内的活性氧水平,对抗氧化系统起到激活或伤害作用。在Cu胁迫下,藻细胞活性氧代谢明显提高,SOD活性提高,并导致细胞膜脂过氧化;但外源NO能明显降低活性氧的水平,并恢复SOD活性和MDA含量,对抗氧化系统起到保护作用,提高微藻的抗氧化能力。研究表明,NO在海洋浮游植物中扮演着"双重角色"——氧化剂和抗氧化剂,从而对微藻的生长起到重要的调节作用。  相似文献   

化学诱导对2株海洋真菌次级代谢产物及其生物活性的影响     

刘亚月  薛欣怡  黎卓怡  马小翔  梁金月  胡雪琼  张翼 《广东海洋大学学报》2022,(1)

【目的】以2株海洋真菌为研究对象,探究不同种类及浓度的化学表观遗传修饰剂对其次级代谢产物化学多样性和生物活性的影响。【方法】基于化学表观遗传修饰策略,采用两种不同的化学表观遗传修饰剂5-氮杂胞嘧啶核苷(5-azaC)和丁酸钠,分别对Penicillium sp.019和Aspergillus terreus ZN4-5-4两株海洋来源真菌进行表观遗传修饰。通过观察真菌在培养基中的生长状态变化,并根据薄层层析(TLC)指纹图谱、高效液相色谱(HPLC)图谱、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除和卤虫致死活性筛选模型等技术手段,从中筛选出代谢产物丰富、AChE抑制活性与抗氧化活性产物丰富且毒性小的发酵培养条件。【结果】添加1 mmol/mL的丁酸钠诱导剂可使菌株019和ZN4-5-4的次生代谢产物的种类增加,且同时能提高该菌株次级代谢产物的AChE的抑制活性和DPPH自由基清除活性。因此,确定菌株019和ZN4-5-4的最优发酵条件均是添加浓度为1 mmol/mL丁酸钠的PDB培养基。【结论】化学表观遗传修饰策略指导下,添加诱导剂5-azaC或者丁酸钠对2株海洋真菌次生代谢产物的产生有影响。  相似文献   

Effects on antioxidant enzyme activities and osmolytes in Halocnemum strobilaceum under salt stress     

TianPeng Gao  Rui Guo  ZhiGang Zhao  GuoHua Chang  YinQuan Chen  Qing Zhang 《寒旱区科学》2016,8(1):65-71

The seedlings of Halocnermum strobilaceum were cultivated in 0.5% hoagland nutrient solution containing 0.0%, 0.9%, 2.7% and 5.4% of NaCl as well as composite salt (Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Si⁴⁺) for 20 days; all the contents are in weight ratio. Succulent level, inorganic ions (Na⁺, K⁺), organics such as betaine, proline, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) were measured to reveal its salt tolerance mechanism. When the composite salt concentration reaches 5.4%, SOD activity level, and MDA content is five times the control group; when it reaches 2.7%, the succulent level of seedlings, and the content of K⁺ in roots is nearly two times the NaCl treatment; the dry weight is more than three times the control group; with the NaCl treatment, MDA is three times the contrast; when the salt concentration is 2.7%, POD reaches the maximum. Results indicate that Si⁴⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ from composite salt in the roots of H. strobilaceum improved the water-holding capacity. The activities of antioxidant enzyme were raised by the accumulation of proline and betaine, which increased the salt tolerance. The absorption of K⁺ promoted the high ratio of K⁺/Na⁺ and alleviated the damage of cell membranes of H. strobilaceum, which is associated with osmotic contents such as betaine and proline.  相似文献   

北极海洋沉积物高抗氧化活性菌株的筛选及其多样性分析          下载免费PDF全文

王桢  李阳  车帅  林学政 《海洋科学进展》2015,33(1)

利用过氧化氢耐受性实验对北极海洋沉积物中具有高抗氧化活性的菌株进行初筛,通过其对DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼)自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子清除能力的测定进一步验证其抗氧化能力;并对其进行了分子鉴定与系统发育分析。根据过氧化氢耐受性实验,从145株供测菌株中筛选出25株对过氧化氢具有较强耐受性的抗氧化活性菌株,占总供测菌株的17.2%;其对DPPH自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子均具有较强的清除能力,可分别高达84.15%,88.61%和45.77%。基于16SrRNA基因的分子鉴定与系统发育分析表明,筛选出的25株活性菌株多样性较高,分别属于细菌域的5个纲,15个属,20个种;其中以γ-Proteobactria纲的菌株数量最多。北极海域的海洋沉积物中存在着丰富的具抗氧化活性的菌株资源,将为了解极地微生物的抗氧胁迫机制及极地来源的新型生物活性物质的研发打下一定的基础。  相似文献   

紫锥菊提取物对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)的非特异性免疫功能的影响     

秦志华  董文宾  姜令绪  王仁杰  张启迪  单虎  雷霁霖 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(3):665-669

本文旨在探讨肌肉注射不同浓度的紫锥菊提取物对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)的非特异性免疫功能的影响,试验选取体重(250±20)g的大菱鲆作为试验动物,分别注射10、20、40mg/m L浓度的紫锥菊提取物,试验共进行28d,每隔7d采集血液测试非特异性免疫指标,第28天用迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)攻毒,连续观察7d,测定其免疫保护率。结果显示肌肉注射紫锥菊提取物对大菱鲆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和溶菌酶活力(LSZ)的影响极显著(P0.01);对吞噬细胞吞噬率(PP)的影响显著(0.01P0.05),对吞噬细胞呼吸爆发活力的影响极显著(P0.01)。攻毒试验表明,紫锥菊提取物能够降低迟缓爱德华氏菌攻毒后鱼的死亡率,提高其免疫保护率,尤其是40mg/m L组。本试验研究表明,紫锥菊提取物能显著的提高大菱鲆的非特异性免疫功能,且以注射浓度40mg/m L的效果最好。  相似文献   

LED补光对温室黄瓜幼苗抗衰老及抗氧化酶系统的影响     

闫晓花  郁继华 《中国沙漠》2016,36(2):392-398

研究补光时间与光质对设施作物抗衰老及抗氧化能力的影响,对于充实光质效应理论和优化补光技术有重要意义。研究了补光2、4、8 h及蓝光(B)、红光(R)、白光(W)和红蓝复合光(R:B＝7:3和8:2)对温室黄瓜幼苗光合色素、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白含量及抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:与自然光照相比,补光可显著提高黄瓜幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量,其中以补光4 h红蓝复合光处理(7R/3B和8R/2B)效果最为显著;补光可提高黄瓜幼苗可溶性蛋白含量,其中,以蓝光效果最好。补照4 h蓝光可以明显提高黄瓜幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白的含量及保护酶(过氧化物酶POD、超氧化物歧化酶SOD、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶APX、过氧化氢酶CAT)活性,并且使MDA的含量保持相对较低的水平,从而可以有效延缓叶片衰老。  相似文献   

Biodegradation Pathway of Acid Red 27 by White‐Rot Fungus Armillaria sp. F022 and Phytotoxicity Evaluation          下载免费PDF全文

Tony Hadibarata  Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(3):239-246

  相似文献   

响应面法优化酶法制备藻蓝蛋白抗氧化肽的实验研究     

唐志红  焦绪栋  周云丽  周虹  吕家森  秦松 《海洋科学》2012,36(11):50-54

为优化碱性蛋白酶酶解藻蓝蛋白制备抗氧化肽的工艺条件,采用响应面分析法,以超氧阴离子自由基清除率为响应值,研究了[E]/[S]、酶解温度和时间对制备抗氧化肽工艺的影响.结果表明,制备藻蓝蛋白肽的最佳酶解条件为:温度为44.9℃、时间为6.4 h和[E]/[S]为3.6%,此时对超氧阴离子自由基清除率达到75.39%.在该条件下制备的藻蓝蛋白酶解产物(0.5 g/L)还原能力的吸光度为1.03,并达到稳定.  相似文献